Difference Between Programming and Mark-up Language
Contents
[1].
Mark-up Languages.………………………………….……….3
[2].
Scripting languages…………….……………...................4
[3].
Programming Languages…….……………………………..5
[4].
Difference Between Programming and Mark-up Language…………………………………………………………………….6
[5].
Conclusion………………………………………………………….7
[6].
References………………………………………………………….8
Mark-up language
Descriptions
of how text and other forms of components should appear in a certain context
(i.e. HTML, hypertext mark-up language - is the instructions for the context of
a web page).
Mark up languages tend to provide structure to data
and/or determine how it is displayed.
·
HTML- hypertext mark-up language
·
Dynamic HTML
·
XML-extensible mark-up language
·
XHTML- extensible
hypertext mark-up language
·
CSS
Figure 1 - HTML
Scripting
language
Usually use an interpreter or some running
application to take programming commands and turn them into instructions to be
executed. Scripting languages are programming languages, but they fit into a
category called interpreted languages (i.e. Python, Ruby and PHP). We
can write full featured applications with scripting languages.
A scripting language is a subset of programming
language that is used to produce scripts, which are sets of instructions that
automate tasks that would otherwise be performed manually by a human. Of course,
these "tasks" are essentially a human giving instructions to a
machine.
Figure 2 - Scripting
Language
Programming
language
A programming language is a language used by humans
to give instructions to a machine.
The other main type is compiled programming
languages. C, C++, Objective-C, Swift. These take text files, run them through
a compiler, and the compiler creates binary instruction files (binaries). These
are the lower level languages, they "talk to" the memory and
processor and such. I know C and Swift were each wrote in themselves. In other
words, C is wrote in the language C. Swift is wrote in Swift.
Programming languages (almost always) need to be compiled before running
and instruct the computer to perform tasks/calculations, including how to
perform them (although if you're using a high-level language the low level
instructions are hidden in the syntax).
·
JAVA, C++, COBOL, C++ and
VB, C#, etc.
Difference between Programming Language and Mark-up Language
Sometimes the terms programming language and
scripting language are used colloquially to describe compiled programming
languages and interpreted programming languages, respectively. Compiled
programming languages are languages whose instructions are translated
(compiled) directly into machine code, whereas interpreted languages are those
that require a program known as an interpreter, which interprets instructions
in terms of previously compiled machine code.
Mark up languages annotate the content of a document
with information on the document's structure or presentation. More recently,
the task of annotating documents with information about their presentation has
been delegated to style sheet languages, such as Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).
Both are related to historical, physical mark up and style sheets as seen in
publishing and other fields.
Conclusion
The
primary difference between a "programming language" (C, C++, VB etc.)
and a "scripting language" (PHP, ASP, JSP, JavaScript, VBScript) is
that code written in a programming language needs to be compiled before it is
run. Once it is compiled, it can be run any number of times.
Scripting languages, on the other hand, are interpreted at run-time. This means that every time you want to run the program, a separate program needs to read the code, interpret it, and then follow the instructions in the code. Compiled code has already been interpreted into machine language, so it is will typically execute faster because the conversion into machine language has already been done.
Mark-up languages (HTML, XML) are somewhat different from both of the others. A mark-up language is simply a set of tags that are used to " mark-up " text documents so that sections of text can be logically arranged and labelled. These documents can be viewed as plain text, or, more commonly, are viewed through a browser. The browser parses the document, looking for mark-up tags, and it then arranges the text and/or formats it according to the values in the tags.
Scripting languages, on the other hand, are interpreted at run-time. This means that every time you want to run the program, a separate program needs to read the code, interpret it, and then follow the instructions in the code. Compiled code has already been interpreted into machine language, so it is will typically execute faster because the conversion into machine language has already been done.
Mark-up languages (HTML, XML) are somewhat different from both of the others. A mark-up language is simply a set of tags that are used to " mark-up " text documents so that sections of text can be logically arranged and labelled. These documents can be viewed as plain text, or, more commonly, are viewed through a browser. The browser parses the document, looking for mark-up tags, and it then arranges the text and/or formats it according to the values in the tags.
References
[1]. “The difference between programming and scripting
languages” [Online]. Available FTP: http://www.werockyourweb.com
[2]. “What is the difference between programming
scripting and mark-up language” [Online].
Available FTP: https://www.quora.com
[3]. [Online] Available FTP: http://www.cplusplus.com
[4]. [Online]
Available FTP: https://forum.roblox.com
[6]. "Tags
used in HTML". World Wide Web Consortium. November 3, 1992. Retrieved November
16, 2008.
[7]. "Extensible Markup
Language (XML)". W3.org.
Retrieved 2014-06-28.
[8]. "TEI Guidelines for Electronic
Text Encoding and Interchange". Tei-c.org. Retrieved 2014-06-28.
[10].
Korpela, Jukka (2005-11-16). "Programs vs.
markup". IT and communication. Tampere University of Technology. Retrieved 2011-01-08.
[11].
Aaby, Anthony (2004). Introduction
to Programming Languages.
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